See infrastructure risk earlier.

A transmission pipeline is protected from corrosion by impressed-current systems whose rectifiers sit in unmanned cabinets across hundreds of kilometres. When a rectifier drifts out of range, nothing alarms and nothing visibly changes — the pipe simply begins to corrode. Pump stations along the route depend on generation and switchgear in the same remote condition. The operator faces an asset it cannot inspect economically, a failure mode that is invisible until it is expensive, and a regulatory regime that assumes both are under control.